Multivariance of social development (types of societies) The basis of the country's economy

Society is a complex natural-historical structure, the elements of which are people. Their connections and relationships are determined by a certain social status, the functions and roles they perform, the norms and values generally accepted in this system, as well as their individual qualities. Society is usually divided into three types: traditional, industrial and post-industrial. Each of them has its own distinctive features and functions.

This article will consider a traditional society (definition, characteristics, foundations, examples, etc.).

What it is?

Modern man of the industrial age, new to history and the social sciences, it may not be clear what a "traditional society" is. The definition of this concept will be discussed below.

Operates on the basis of traditional values. Often it is perceived as tribal, primitive and backward feudal. It is a society with an agrarian structure, with sedentary structures and with methods of social and cultural regulation based on traditions. It is believed that most of its history, mankind was at this stage.

The traditional society, the definition of which is considered in this article, is a set of groups of people who are at different stages of development and do not have a mature industrial complex. The determining factor in the development of such social units is agriculture.

Characteristics of a traditional society

Traditional society is characterized by the following features:

1. Low production rates that meet the needs of people at a minimum level.
2. Large energy intensity.
3. Non-acceptance of innovations.
4. Strict regulation and control of people's behavior, social structures, institutions, customs.
5. As a rule, in a traditional society, any manifestation of individual freedom is prohibited.
6. Social formations consecrated by traditions are considered unshakable - even the thought of their possible changes is perceived as criminal.

The traditional society is considered agrarian, as it is based on agriculture. Its functioning depends on growing crops with a plow and draft animals. Thus, the same plot of land could be cultivated several times, resulting in permanent settlements.

The traditional society is also characterized by the predominant use of manual labor, the extensive absence of market forms of trade (the predominance of exchange and redistribution). This led to the enrichment of individuals or classes.

Forms of ownership in such structures, as a rule, are collective. Any manifestations of individualism are not perceived and denied by society, and are also considered dangerous, as they violate the established order and traditional balance. There are no impetuses to the development of science and culture, so extensive technologies are used in all areas.

Political structure

The political sphere in such a society is characterized by authoritarian power, which is inherited. This is explained by the fact that only in this way can traditions be maintained for a long time. The system of government in such a society was quite primitive (the hereditary power was in the hands of the elders). The people had virtually no influence on politics.

Often there is an idea about the divine origin of the person in whose hands the power was. In this regard, politics is in fact completely subordinated to religion and is carried out only according to sacred prescriptions. The combination of secular and spiritual power made possible the ever greater subordination of people to the state. This, in turn, strengthened the stability of the traditional type of society.

social relations

In the sphere of social relations, the following features of a traditional society can be distinguished:

1. Patriarchal device.
2. The main purpose of the functioning of such a society is to maintain human life and avoid its extinction as a species.
3. Low level
4. Traditional society is characterized by division into estates. Each of them played a different social role.

5. Evaluation of the individual in terms of the place that people occupy in the hierarchical structure.
6. A person does not feel like an individual, he considers only his belonging to a certain group or community.

spiritual realm

In the spiritual sphere, traditional society is characterized by deep religiosity and moral attitudes instilled from childhood. Certain rituals and dogmas were an integral part of human life. Writing in traditional society as such did not exist. That is why all legends and traditions were transmitted orally.

Relationship with nature and the environment

The influence of traditional society on nature was primitive and insignificant. This was due to low-waste production, represented by cattle breeding and agriculture. Also, in some societies, there were certain religious rules that condemned the pollution of nature.

In relation to the outside world, it was closed. The traditional society by all means protected itself from intrusions from the outside and any external influence. As a result, man perceived life as static and unchanging. Qualitative changes in such societies took place very slowly, and revolutionary changes were perceived extremely painfully.

Traditional and industrial society: differences

Industrial society arose in the 18th century, as a result primarily in England and France.

Some of its distinguishing features should be highlighted.
1. Creation of a large machine production.
2. Standardization of parts and assemblies of different mechanisms. This made mass production possible.
3. Another important distinguishing feature- urbanization (the growth of cities and the resettlement of a significant part of the population on their territory).
4. Division of labor and its specialization.

Traditional and industrial society have significant differences. The first is characterized by a natural division of labor. Traditional values and patriarchal structure prevail here, there is no mass production.

It is also necessary to highlight the post-industrial society. The traditional, in contrast, aims to extract natural resources, and not to collect information and store it.

Examples of Traditional Society: China

Vivid examples of a traditional type of society can be found in the East in the Middle Ages and modern times. Among them, India, China, Japan, the Ottoman Empire should be singled out.

China has had a strong state power since ancient times. By the nature of evolution, this society is cyclical. China is characterized by a constant alternation of several eras (development, crisis, social explosion). It should also be noted the unity of the spiritual and religious authorities in this country. According to tradition, the emperor received the so-called "Mandate of Heaven" - divine permission to rule.

Japan

The development of Japan in the Middle Ages and in also allows us to say that there was a traditional society, the definition of which is considered in this article. All population of the country rising sun was divided into 4 divisions. The first is the samurai, daimyo and shogun (personified the highest secular power). They occupied a privileged position and had the right to bear arms. The second estate - the peasants who owned the land as a hereditary holding. The third is artisans and the fourth is merchants. It should be noted that trading in Japan was considered an unworthy business. It is also worth highlighting the strict regulation of each of the estates.

Unlike other traditional eastern countries, in Japan there was no unity of the supreme secular and spiritual power. The first was personified by the shogun. Most of the land and great power were in his hands. Japan also had an emperor (tenno). He was the personification of spiritual power.

India

Vivid examples of a traditional type of society can be found in India throughout the history of the country. The Mughal Empire, located on the Hindustan Peninsula, was based on a military fief and caste system. The supreme ruler - the padishah - was the main owner of all the land in the state. Indian society was strictly divided into castes, whose life was strictly regulated by laws and sacred regulations.

The test on the topic "Society" with answers (option 1, 2) is designed for students in grades 10-11. It consists of part A (25 questions) and part B (7 tasks). The test corresponds to the structure of the exam. It can be used both to test students' knowledge and to prepare for the exam.

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Theme: "Society" В 1

A1 . A characteristic feature of an industrial society is

1) widespread use of non-economic coercion to work

2) weakness and underdevelopment of democratic institutions

3) the predominance of collective consciousness over individual

4) the predominance of private ownership

A2 . Are they true the following judgments about traditional society?

A. Respect for customs, norms that have developed over the centuries, the predominance of collective principles over private ones distinguish a traditional society. B. In a traditional society, the individual abilities of a person are highly valued, initiative and enterprise are encouraged.

A3. The process of familiarization with the values of human society, knowledge of the world, accumulated by previous generations, is called

1) science 2) art 3) education 4) creativity

A4. . Are the following judgments about the ways and forms of social development correct?

A. In a traditional society, law as a regulator of social relations has not yet taken shape, its place was occupied by unwritten traditions and customs.

B. In the post-industrial society, the industrial revolution is being completed, mass production is being formed.

1) only A is true 2) only B is true 3) both judgments are true 4) both judgments are wrong

A5. . Are the following judgments about the process of globalization correct?

A. All global processes are the result of strengthening international contacts.

B. The development of mass communication makes modern world holistic.

1) only A is true 2) only B is true 3) both judgments are true 4) both judgments are wrong

A6. . Are the following judgments about social progress true?

A. Modern ideas about social progress confirm its inconsistency.

B. The concepts of "progress" and "regression" are conditional.

1) only A is true 2) only B is true 3) both judgments are true 4) both judgments are wrong

A7. Are the following judgments about the global problems of mankind correct?

A. Today there is a real threat to the survival of humanity as a biological species.

B. In order to survive, humanity must take seriously the preservation of the environment.

1) only A is true 2) only B is true 3) both judgments are true 4) both judgments are wrong

A8 .

A. “The last exploiting system, capitalism, as a result of the intensification of the class struggle, must inevitably be replaced by a socialist system, and then

Communist".

B. "Capitalism is eternal and indestructible, because humanity has not come up with anything more perfect, corresponding to human nature."

1) only A is true 2) only B is true 3) both judgments are true 4) both judgments are wrong

A9 . From the point of view of Marxism-Leninism, history was made under the influence of:

higher unknowable forces 2) economic processes

outstanding personalities - leaders, dictators, etc. 4)changes in cultural life societies

A10. The interaction of social groups, layers, classes, strata,

Nations, religious communities is carried out:

in the economic sphere 2) in the political sphere 3) in the spiritual sphere 4) in the social sphere

A11. Ecology studies impact human activity:

on the development of world religions
to improve the household, life of people and ancient times
on the surrounding nature, the relationship between nature and society
to the cultural environment

A12. . Are the following statements correct?

A. "The natural environment surrounding a person recedes before the artificial environment, but in the end, a person needs more than the latter."

B. "For a modern person, an artificial environment can replace the natural environment."

1) only A is true 2) only B is true 3) both judgments are true 4) both judgments are wrong

A13. Unlike nature, society

1) is a system 2) is in development

3) acts as a creator of culture 4) develops according to its own laws

A14 . The modern post-industrial society is characterized by the leading role

1) extractive industry 2) manufacturing industry

3)agriculture 4)information and information technology

A15. Are the following judgments about the process of globalization correct?

A. The development of mass communication makes the modern world whole.

B. All global problems are the result of economic integration.

1) only A is true 2) only B is true 3) both judgments are true 4) both judgments are wrong

A16 . A community of persons united by needs and interests that can be best satisfied only by joint efforts, joint activities, is called:

conglomerate 2) society 3) system 4) queue

A17. A. Toynbee formulated the law:

1) unity and struggle of opposites 2) changes in socio-economic formations

class struggle 4) "challenge - response"

1) A. Camus 2) D. Bell 3) O. Spengler 4) G. Plekhanov

A19 . What is the characteristic of a nation as an ethnic community?

1) national identity 2) federal state structure

3) the presence of a national army 4) separation of powers

A20 . Which of the following refers to a traditional society?

1) the predominance of routine technologies 2) the rapid development of industry

3) introduction of scientific achievements into production 4) intensive development of information technologies

A21. The essence of the problem of "North" and "South" is

1) depletion of natural resources 2) a gap in the level of economic development of the regions of the planet

3) the formation of a network of international terrorist organizations 4) the growth of cultural diversity

A22 . Are the following judgments about the interaction of spheres correct? public life?

A. The processes taking place in one area of public life, as a rule, do not affect the processes taking place in its other areas.

B. Outstanding works of art can be created during periods of economic crisis and political upheaval.

1) only A is true 2) only B is true 3) both judgments are true 4) both judgments are wrong

A23 . Highlighting the main elements of society, their relationship and interaction, scientists characterize society as

1) system 2) part of nature 3) material world 4) civilization

A24 . The global problems of the modern world include

1) the emergence of new interstate associations 2) the completion of the industrial revolution

3) a significant gap between the levels of development of the regions of the planet 4) intensive development of science

A25. Are the following statements about different types of societies correct?

A. In an industrial society, the individual characteristics of a person are highly valued, initiative and enterprise are encouraged.

B. Respect for customs, norms that have developed over the centuries, the predominance of the collective principle over the private one distinguishes a post-industrial society from an industrial one.

1) only A is true 2) only B is true 3) both judgments are true 4) both judgments are wrong

Part B.

Society

IN 1. Write down the word missing in the diagram

traditional

informational

……….

IN 2 . Below is a list of terms. All of them, with the exception of one, are associated with the concept of "progress". Find and specify a term not related to the concept of "progress".

social reform; stagnation; social revolution; community development; modernization.

Answer________________

AT 3 . Establish a correspondence between the forms of social progress and their characteristic features: for each position given in the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column

Answer__________

AT 4. features of oriental civilization

Withdrawal into the inner spiritual life
The priority of the economy in solving social problems
contemplative attitude towards nature
Accelerated pace of life
Severity of behavioral regulators
Variety and rapid change of art styles

Answer____________

AT 5. Read the text below, each sentence of which is numbered. Determine what offers are: 1) actual character; 2 ) nature of value judgments

(A) Downplaying the danger of a new world war in modern conditions is unjustified. (B) Officially, there are about 70,000 nuclear weapons on Earth. (B) Calculations show that this arsenal is capable of completely destroying life on the planet. (D) We believe that an appeal to the world community with a call for disarmament is extremely necessary.

Answer__________

“______(1) modern scientists call the process of formation of a single humanity. There is an active development of the world economy and the world system _______ (2), common ideas about the optimal socio-political structure are being introduced, ______ is spreading (3). Globalization is _______ (4) a process that has both a positive and a negative impact on the development of modern humanity. On the one hand, the formation of ______ (5) society is taking place, on the other hand, economic disagreements between Western countries and the countries of the “third world” are aggravating, the problem of ______ (6) is aggravating. »

Answer____________

AT 7. Find in the list belowsocial phenomena. Write the numbers in ascending order.

Emergence of the state
Genetic predisposition of a person to certain diseases
Creation of new drugs
Formation of nations
Human ability to sense perception of the world

Answer_______________

Theme Society

Answers:

	Option 1

























	Industrial
	Stagnation
	22121

	2112
	GBEDZA

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Test "Society" B 2

A1. Society in broad sense words are called:

1) association of people by interests

2) residents of a particular country

3) a community of people existing on a certain historical stage

4) a set of forms of unification of people

A2 . Man influences nature

Favorable 2) its influence has no consequences

3) both favorable and unfavorable 4) unfavorable

A3. Public relations do not include:

1) relations in the family 2) relations between the employee and the employer

3) the relationship between nature and society 4) the relationship between social groups and within them

A4 . The social sphere of society most directly depends on the level of:

1) economic development of the country 2) political development of the country

3) spirituality of society 4) development of interethnic relations

A. "Historically, society is primary, and the state is secondary."

B. "The state gives rise to society."

1) only A is true 2) only B is true 3) both judgments are true 4) both judgments are wrong

A6 . Organization, regulation, management of the life of society is carried out in:

1) economic sphere 2) spiritual sphere 3) political sphere 4) social sphere

A7 . A characteristic feature of Western civilization is:

low social mobility
long-term preservation of traditional legal norms
active introduction of new technologies
weakness and underdevelopment of democratic values

A8 . A characteristic feature of evolution as a form of social development is:

revolutionary nature of change
spasmodicity
violent methods
gradualism

A9 . Among the global problems does not include:

threat of nuclear war
spread of drug addiction
scarcity of natural resources
atheism as opposition to religious ideology

A10. Demographic problems are generated by:

arms race
rivalry between the USSR and the USA
rapid and uncontrolled population growth on the planet
environmental pollution

A11 . Are the following statements about society correct?

A. Society, like nature, is a dynamic system, the individual elements of which interact with each other.

B. Society together with nature form the material world surrounding man.

1) only A is true 2) only B is true 3) both judgments are true 4) both judgments are wrong

A12 . A single, or generalizing, criterion of historical progress consists in:

human evolution as a harmoniously developed personality
improvement of morals
development of science and reason
the growth of the ideals of truth and justice

A13 . Which of the following definitions of history as reality is the deepest and most accurate?

any sequence of events
living memory of a society, people, social group
past, long past
essential dynamics of social development

A14 . Which of the following judgments about the relation "civilization - culture" are correct?

A. Civilization - adaptation to the conditions of the natural environment; culture is the creative attitude of man to the world and to himself.

B. Civilization is a being; culture to a greater extent - due (duty to be a man).

1) only A is true 2) only B is true 3) both judgments are true 4) both judgments are wrong

A15. Are the following statements correct?

Unification (bringing to uniformity) of civilization is unacceptable, because (indicate the deepest justification):

A. This is hindered by the existing socio-political barriers, state sovereignties.

B. Civilizational diversity is as necessary for the stability and development of human society as genetic diversity is for nature.

1) only A is true 2) only B is true 3) both judgments are true 4) both judgments are wrong

A16 . Issues of power, the state are resolved in:

1) economic sphere 2) spiritual sphere 3) social sphere 4) political sphere

A17. The concept of "development", "interaction of elements" characterizes society as:

1) dynamic system

2) part of nature

3) the entire surrounding material world

4) interaction of people in social groups

A18 . An example of the influence of natural factors on the development of society is:

the emergence of the first centers of civilization in the river valleys
construction of the Egyptian pyramids
collapse of Charlemagne's empire
unification of lands around Moscow

A19. Natural conditions of Russia:

were favorable for farming
allowed to carefully cultivate the land
required extreme effort
had little effect on people's lives

A20. Are the judgments correct?

The geopolitical position of Russia was

A. Favorable for the development of the country.

B. Unfavorable, hindered the development of the economy, socialand political institutions.

1) only A is true 2) only B is true 3) both judgments are true 4) both judgments are wrong

A21. The emergence of private ownership of the means of production led to increased stratification of society. The connection of what aspects of the life of society was manifested in this phenomenon?

1) production, distribution, consumption and spiritual sphere 2) economics and politics

3) economics and social relations 4) economics and culture

A22. Which of the following characteristics characterizes a traditional society?

1) striving for progress 2) "continuity", smoothness of the historical process

3) high social mobility 4) the desire to maximize the use of nature for their own purposes

A23. In the transition from a traditional society to an industrial one:

1) the individual obeyed society 2) the role of customs in regulating social relations increased

3) non-economic coercion has increased 4) social mobility has increased

A24. Are the following judgments about the relationship between the spheres of society correct?

A. The decline in production causes a decline in the standard of living of the majority of the population.

B. Political power can contribute to the successful economic development of a country.

1) only A is true 2) only B is true 3) both judgments are true 4) both judgments are wrong

A 25 . The emergence of transnational corporations in modern society, the development of international trade is a manifestation of the trend

modernization 2) globalization 3) democratization 4) informatization

Part B.

IN 1. Fill in the missing word in the following sentence:

"... the environment is the nature that surrounds a person and on which his existence largely depends."

Answer: _____________________________________________

IN 2 . Below is a list of terms. All of them, with the exception of one, are associated with the concept of "traditional society". Find and specify a term not related to the concept of "traditional society".

Manual labor; estates; individual work; automation; monarchy.

Answer___________

AT 3 . Establish a correspondence between the types of society and their main features: for each position given in the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.

Answer___________

AT 4 . Find in the list belowcharacteristic features of a traditional society. Write the numbers in ascending order.

Predominant development of heavy industry
Slow pace of social development
Rigid, hierarchical structure of society
Development of the system of social division of labor
High social mobility of the population
The predominance of the agricultural sector in the economy

Answer____________

AT 5 . Read the text below, each sentence of which is numbered. Determine what offers are: 1) actual character; 2) nature of value judgments

(A) Globalization, according to a number of authors, in order to achieve its goals, must destroy traditional foundations, traditional sociality, traditional culture. (B) We believe that this is a kind of post-social unification of people, and in this sense it is difficult to talk about any links between globalization and culture as such. (C) Globalization replaces culture proper with its civilizational simulator - industrially produced mass culture. (D) It seems that globalization does not imply any interest in the problems of human culture and spirituality.

Answer__________

AT 6 . Read the text below with a number of words missing. Choose from the list below the words to be inserted in place of the releases. There are more words in the list than you need.

“The characterization of society as ______ (1) involves the study of its internal structure. Its main elements are _______ (2) social life and social institutions. Allocate economic, social, political and spiritual spheres. All of them are closely interconnected, as they support the necessary ______ (3) of society. _______ (4) in each of the areas solve important social problems. They provide production and distribution various kinds ________ (5) and the management of the joint ________ (6) people."

Answer________________

AT 7 .Find in the list belowfeatures of western civilization. Write the numbers in ascending order.

Consumer attitude towards nature
Respect for traditions and laws
Reliance on life experience, observations and intuition
Variety of norms of social behavior
Development of fundamental scientific theories
Conservatism

Answer___________________

Answers:



























	natural or environmental
	Automation
	21121

	2212
	BDAZGI

Analysis of tasks on the topic Multivariance of social development (types of societies)

The basis of the country's economy is the collective ownership of land. Religion plays a special role in people's lives. The social status of a person depends on his origin. To what type does this society belong?

agricultural 3) industrial
post-industrial 4) traditional

Which judgment is correct?

A. In a traditional society, the main value is individualism, the value of a person lies in himself.

B. In a traditional society, people tend to rule over nature, subjugate it and extract the maximum benefit.

only A is correct 3) both judgments are correct
only B is correct 4) both judgments are wrong

In which society are the main institutions the church and the army?

in industrial 3) in traditional
in the primitive 4) in the post-industrial

Below is a list of signs inherent in the development of a traditional type of civilization. Find and write down the term that falls out of this row.

Extensiveness, patriarchy, community, customary law, intensity
What type of society is characterized by an extensive development path?

traditional
industrial
post-industrial
informational

Such attitudes of work ethic as the preference for rest over work, the desire to earn no more than is necessary to meet basic needs, are characteristic of society.

industrial 3) mass
traditional 4) post-industrial

Which of the following refers to a traditional society?

Are the following statements about traditional society correct?

A. Respect for customs, norms that have developed over the centuries, the predominance of collective principles over private ones distinguish a traditional society.

B. In a traditional society, the individual abilities of a person are highly valued, initiative and enterprise are encouraged.

1) only A is true

2) only B is true

3) both statements are correct

4) both judgments are wrong
Country A. with a population of 15 million people is located in the southern hemisphere. What additional information will make it possible to judge whether A. belongs to traditional societies?

1) The basis of the country's economy is agricultural production.

Which of the characteristics is inherent in a traditional society?

1) advanced factory production

2) creation of the main product in agriculture

4) highly developed infrastructure
The predominance of the community, the underdevelopment of private property are characteristic features of society

1) traditional

2) entering the era of the industrial revolution

3) industrial

4) post-industrial

Find in the list the features inherent in a traditional society. Write down the numbers under which they are indicated.

low level of social mobility
traditions are the main regulator of social life
industrial revolution
the predominance of the service sector over the manufacturing sector
predominance of communal-state forms of ownership

The essential features of a traditional society are

entrepreneurship and initiative of citizens in the economic sphere
fusion of power with landed property
state guarantee of the rights and freedoms of an individual
Vetian character of education and culture

Find a concept that is generalizing for all other concepts of the series below, and write down the number under which it is indicated.

class division 4) traditional society
local communities 5) irrational consciousness
routine technology 6) low social dynamics.

Subsistence agricultural production dominates in Bulgarian society, belonging to a collective determines a person's way of life, and the totality of relations that have developed in a given society is illuminated by religion. What type of society is B.?

post-industrial
informational
traditional
industrial

Find the characteristic features of a traditional society in the list below.

predominant development of heavy industry
slow pace of social development
rigid, hierarchical structure of society
developed system of social division of labor
high social mobility of the population
the predominance of the agricultural sector in the economy

Traditional society is characterized

the predominance of agricultural production with extensive technologies
development of the "coal and steel" economy, the formation of a large factory industry
widespread use of microprocessor technologies
formation of representative authorities

The transition to an industrial society is associated with

awareness of the need to take care of natural resources
high level of development of science and technology, contributing to the implementation of the industrial revolution
creation of a single information space
computerization of production

During the transition of society from traditional to industrial

the dominance of agriculture over industry
the importance of collectivist values increased as opposed to the values of intellectual freedom
class differences intensified
the industrial enterprise becomes the most important productive unit

A feature of what type of society is the employment of most of the population in industry?

traditional
industrial
post-industrial
informational

The basis of the country's economy is private property. Particular attention is paid to the development of industry and trade. The social status of a person depends on his personal abilities, aspirations, level of education. To what type does this society belong?

to industrial 3) to traditional
to the information 4) to the post-industrial

A characteristic feature of an industrial society is

1) widespread use of non-economic coercion to work

2) weakness and underdevelopment of democratic institutions

3) the predominance of collective consciousness over individual

4) the predominance of private ownership
Are the following statements about different types of societies correct?

A. In an industrial society, the individual characteristics of a person are highly valued, initiative and enterprise are encouraged.

B. Respect for customs, norms that have developed over the centuries, the predominance of the collective principle over the private one distinguishes a post-industrial society from an industrial one.

1) only A is true

2) only B is true

3) both statements are correct

4) both judgments are wrong
with the exception of two, characterize an industrial society.

Industrial production; 2) computerization and robotization; 3) human rights; four) Mass culture; 5) democratization political life; 6) strengthening the estate system.

The country of N. has more than 20 million inhabitants. They belong to different ethnic groups. What additional information makes it possible to judge whether the country N. belongs to industrial-type societies?

Factory production is widely developed in the country.
There are trade links with neighboring countries.
The network of social services is poorly developed.
The supreme power in the country is inherited.

Industrial society is replaced by society

technogenic
informational
agrarian

unconventional

The high level of development of science and technology, infrastructure and communications, the absence of social barriers to improve social status, the availability of the necessary material and technical base for the development of the individual is characteristic for

agricultural society
post-industrial society
industrial society
traditional society

Below are a number of economic concepts. All but one of them relate to the economy of an industrial civilization. Find and write down a concept that falls out of this series.

Intensity, industry, high dependence on nature, division of labor, wage labor, economic incentives for labor, market relations, private property.
Find in the list the signs related to the post-industrial society. In the answer, write down the numbers under which they appear, in ascending order.

globalization
isolation of certain regions of the planet
the main surplus product is produced in the field of agriculture
extensive production
high level of informatization and communication
introduction of resource-saving technologies

Below are the signs of a post-industrial society formulated by D. Bell. Find and write down the number of the concept that does not belong to this series.

1) Transition of the manufacturing economy to a service economy; 2) intensive urbanization; 3) the growing predominance of the "class of specialists and technicians"; 4) the dominant role of theoretical knowledge as the basis for innovation and policy formulation; 5) orientation in the future to the control and evaluation of technology; 6) decision-making based on new "intelligent technology". Which of the features characterizes a post-industrial society?

Which of the following is a feature of a post-industrial society?

Which of the following characterizes a post-industrial society?

1) the religious nature of culture

2) the transition from natural to commercial production

3) completion of the industrial revolution

4) development of information technologies
Are the following judgments about the ways of development of society correct?

A. In an industrial society, the achievements of science began to be actively introduced into production.

B. In the period of post-industrial society, the industrial revolution was completed.
1) only A is true

2) only B is true

3) both statements are correct

4) both judgments are wrong

Find in the list the features inherent in a post-industrial society. Write down the numbers under which they are indicated.

development of the service sector
the growth of the working class
lack of social stratification
use of information technology
new intelligent technologies

The essential features of a post-industrial society include

1) the emergence of standardized production

2) the predominance of local rural communities

3) formation of network communities

4) the religious nature of education and culture
D.'s society is characterized by the openness and mobility of social structures, and the widespread use of mechanisms and technologies. What additional information will allow us to conclude that D.'s society is post-industrial?

widespread introduction of new information technologies in various areas of life
transformation of industrial corporations into centers of social organization
deepening the division of labor, developing its specialization
close cooperation with other countries

Below is a list of signs. All of them, with the exception of two, characterize a post-industrial society.

Cultural development;
computerization and robotization;
human rights;
a person is evaluated as part of a team;
democratization of political life;
strengthening of the estate system.

From the list below, select the signs of a post-industrial society. Write the numbers you have chosen in ascending order.

basis of production - land, agricultural labor

development of large-scale machine industry
dominance of manual labor
the basis of production is knowledge, information
widespread use of machinery
illiteracy of the majority of the population
the main type of export is the means of production
main type of export - raw materials
the main type of export is intellectual products (programs, technologies, etc.)

the leading role is played by the service sector, science, education
continuous education of citizens
the task of overcoming the illiteracy of the population is being solved

After solving the test, distribute the answers in the appropriate columns of the table.
Typology of societies

Labor

Weakness and underdevelopment of democratic institutions

The predominance of the collective consciousness over the individual

Predominance of private ownership

A2. Are the following statements about traditional society correct?

A. Respect for customs, norms that have developed over the centuries,

The predominance of collective principles over private ones is distinguished

traditional society.

B. In a traditional society, individual

Human abilities are encouraged initiative and

Enterprise.

Only A is true

Only B is true

Both statements are correct

Both statements are wrong

A3. The process of familiarization with the values of human society,

Knowledge about the world, accumulated by previous generations,

called

Science

Art

3) education

Creativity

A4. . Are the following judgments about the ways and forms of social development correct?

A. In a traditional society, law as a regulator of social relations has not yet developed; its place was occupied by unwritten traditions and customs.

B. In the post-industrial society, the industrial revolution is being completed, mass production is being formed.

Only A is true

Only B is true

Both statements are correct

Both statements are wrong

A5. . Are the following judgments about the process of globalization correct?

A. All global processes are the result of increased international contacts.

B. The development of mass communication makes the modern world whole.

Only A is true

Only B is true

Both statements are correct

Both statements are wrong

A6.. Are the following judgments about social progress correct?

A. Modern ideas about social progress confirm its inconsistency.

B. The concepts of "progress" and "regression" are conditional.

Only A is true

Only B is true

True A and B

Both statements are wrong

A7. Are the following judgments about the global problems of mankind correct?

A. Today there is a real threat to the survival of humanity as a biological species.

B. In order to survive, humanity must take seriously the preservation of the environment.

Only A is true

Only B is true

Both statements are correct

Both statements are wrong

A8. Are the following statements correct?

A. “The last exploitative system, capitalism, in

The result of the intensification of the class struggle must inevitably

Be replaced by a socialist system, and then

Communist".

B. “Capitalism is eternal and indestructible, because humanity is not

Came up with nothing more perfect, appropriate

human nature."

Only A is true

Only B is true

Both A and B are correct

Both statements are wrong

A9. From the point of view of Marxism-Leninism, history was made under

impact:

Supreme unknowable forces

economic processes

Outstanding personalities - leaders, dictators, etc.

Changes in the cultural life of societies

Answer: __________________________

A10. The interaction of social groups, layers, classes, strata,

nations, religious communities is carried out:

In the economic sphere

In the political sphere

In the spiritual realm

In the social sphere

Answer: _________________________

A11. Ecology studies the impact of human activities:

For the development of world religions

To improve the household, the life of people and ancient times

On the surrounding nature, the relationship between nature and society

to the cultural environment

Answer: _______________________

A12. . Are the following statements correct?

A. “The natural environment of man recedes before

Built environment, but ultimately needed by man

More than the last."

B. “For modern man, the artificial environment

Can replace the natural environment.

Only A is true

Only B is true

Both A and B are correct

Both statements are wrong

A13. Unlike nature, society

Is a system

Is in development

Acts as a creator of culture

Develops according to its own laws

A14. The modern post-industrial society is characterized by

Leading role

Extractive industry

manufacturing industry

Agriculture

Information and Information Technology

A15. Are the following judgments about the process of globalization correct?

A. The development of mass communication makes the modern world

Holistic.

B. All global problems are the result of

economic integration.

Only A is true.

Only B is true.

Both judgments are correct.

Both judgments are incorrect.

A16. A community of people united by needs and interests,

which can only be best satisfied

joint efforts, joint activities, is called:

conglomerate

Society

system

queue

A17. . A. Toynbee formulated the law:

Unity and struggle of opposites

Changes in socio-economic formations

class struggle

A. Camus

D. Bell

O. Spengler

G. Plekhanov

A19. What is the characteristic of a nation as an ethnic community?

National identity

federal government

Presence of a national army

Separation of powers

A20. Which of the following refers to a traditional society?

Dominance of routine technologies

Rapid development of industry

Implementation of scientific achievements in production

Intensive development of information technologies

A21. The essence of the problem of "North" and "South" is

Depletion of natural resources

2) the gap in the level of economic development of the regions of the planet 3) the formation of a network of international terrorist

Organizations

Growth of cultural diversity

A22. Are the following judgments about the interaction of spheres correct?

public life?

A. Processes taking place in one area of public life,

As a rule, they do not affect the processes occurring in other

Her spheres.

B. Outstanding works of art can be created in

Periods of economic crises and political upheavals. 1) only A is true

Only B is true

Both statements are correct

Both statements are wrong

A23. Highlighting the main elements of society, their relationship and

Interaction, scientists characterize society as

system

part of nature

Material world

Civilization

A24. The global problems of the modern world include

The emergence of new interstate associations

Completion of the industrial revolution

A significant gap between the levels of development of regions

planets

Intensive development of science

A25. Are the following statements about different types of societies correct?

A. In an industrial society, individual

Features of a person, initiative is encouraged and

Enterprise.

B. Respect for customs, norms that have developed over the centuries,

The predominance of the collective principle over the private is distinguished

Post-industrial society from industrial.

Only A is true

Only B is true

Both statements are correct

Both statements are wrong

A26. Society in the broad sense of the word is called:

Association of people by interests

Residents of a particular country

A community of people that exists on a certain historical

Stage

A set of forms of association of people

A27. Man influences nature

Favorably

His influence has no consequences

Both favorable and unfavorable

Adversely

A28. Public relations do not include:

Relationships in the family

Relationship between employee and employer

Relations between nature and society

Links between and within social groups

A29. The social sphere of society most directly depends on the level of:

economic development countries

Political development of the country

Spirituality of society

Development of interethnic relations

A30. Are the following statements correct?

A. "Historically, society is primary, and the state is secondary."

B. "The state gives rise to society."

Right A

Right B

Both statements are correct

Both statements are wrong

A31. Organization, regulation, management of the life of society is carried out in:

Economic sphere

spiritual realm

Political sphere

social sphere

A32. A characteristic feature of Western civilization is:

Low social mobility

Long-term preservation of traditional legal norms

Active introduction of new technologies

Weakness and underdevelopment of democratic values

A33. A characteristic feature of evolution as a form of social development is:

The revolutionary nature of change

intermittent

violent methods

gradualism

A34. Among the global problems does not include:

Threat of nuclear war

Spread of addiction

Scarcity of natural resources

Option 1. Which of the following applies to a regulation? A) government decree b) presidential decree C) Constitution d)

ministry order

What is the name of the norms governing public relations in the field of public administration?

A) constitutional law b) criminal law C) civil law d) administrative law

Illegal behavior (act) of a citizen or enterprise is ... A) action b) inaction C) act d) offense

What is not the purpose of punishing a criminal?

A) revenge on the part of the state b) restoration of social justice C) correction of the convict d) prevention of new crimes

Which of the following describes a crime?

A. antisocial behavior of a person B. harming someone, breaking the norm of the law A) only A b) only B C) correct and A and B d) no correct answer

Which of the following refers to the views of I. Kant?

A. was convinced that law appeared before the state B. was one of the first to use the term “rule of law” A) only A b) only B C) correct and A and B d) no correct answer What is a sign of a rule of law? A) the unitary structure of the state B) the federal structure of the state C) the principle of separation of powers D) public authority When was the first Constitution adopted in our country? A) December 1825 b) October 17, 1905 C) December 5, 1936 d) October 7, 1977 How is the exercise of power by the people in our country? A) elections and a referendum b) going to court C) the creation of political parties d) serving in the army What is the legislative power in Russia? A) The Federation Council b) The Ministry of Internal Affairs C) The Security Council d) The Supreme Court of the Russian Federation The second part Define the concepts: Constitution, crime, civil society, referendum. Third part What is superfluous and why? Decree, Constitution, resolution, order. Federal Assembly, Supreme Court, Federation Council, The State Duma. Federation Council, Government of the Russian Federation, Head of the municipality, Supreme Court.

1. Which of the examples illustrates the interaction of nature and society?

1) creation of the Slavic alphabet
2) slash-and-burn agriculture of the Eastern Slavs
3) collection of tribute by the prince from subject tribes
4) writing a code of laws "Russian Truth".

2. Traditional society is characterized by
1) the long existence of the community
2) broad participation of the people in public life
3) employment of the bulk of the population in the service sector
4) recognition as the main value of the rights and freedoms of the individual

3. The process of familiarization with the culture, values of human society, knowledge of the world, accumulated by previous generations, is called:
1) science 2) art 3) education 4) creativity

4. For artistic creativity required
1) the desire for an accurate reflection of reality
2) simplicity of the form of reproduction
3) work in a creative team
4) the use of figurative and symbolic means

5. Are the following judgments about the process of globalization correct?
A. The development of mass communications makes the modern world more holistic
B. All global problems are the result of economic integration
1) only A is true 2) only B is true 3) both judgments are correct 4) both judgments are wrong

6. Perception is
1) a form of rational knowledge
2) a mental property inherent only to a person
3) shape sensory knowledge
4) a way of explaining the world

7. Both man and animal have a need for
1) self-expression 3) public recognition
2) preservation of offspring 4) labor activity

8. Knowledge as opposed to labor
1) presupposes the existence of a goal
2) requires special training from the subject
3) aimed at obtaining knowledge about the subject
4) is useful

9. To regulate the water level in rivers, beavers build dams. At the same time, they gnaw trees for construction upstream and lead the alloy of logs to the construction site. What distinguishes these animal activities from the dam-building work carried out by humans. Animal actions are motivated
1) motives 2) instincts 3) skills 4) abilities

10. Are the following judgments about the connection between activity and communication correct?
A. Communication is a side of any joint activity, since activity involves interaction.
B. Communication is a special activity based on the exchange of knowledge, ideas, and actions.
1) only A is true
2) only B is true
3) both statements are correct
4) both judgments are wrong

11. A private enterprise, unlike a state enterprise, characterizes
1) economic independence 3) payment of taxes
2) introduction of new technologies 4) cost accounting for production

12. What consumer expenses are optional?
1) paying for public transport
2) payment of utilities
3) purchase of medicines
4) apartment insurance

1. A characteristic feature of an industrial society is

1) widespread use of non-economic coercion to work
2) weakness and underdevelopment of democratic institutions
3) the predominance of collective consciousness over individual
4) the predominance of private ownership
2. Which of the features is inherent in a traditional society?
1) developed factory production 3) completion of the industrial revolution
2) the predominance of industry 4) the leading role of agriculture
3. Are the following judgments about the ways and forms of social development correct?
A. In a traditional society, law as a regulator of social relations has not yet developed, its place was occupied by unwritten traditions and customs.
B. In a post-industrial society, the industrial revolution is being completed, mass production is being formed.
1) only A is true 2) only B is true 3) both judgments are true 4) both judgments are wrong
4. Computerization of industry, highly developed infrastructure - these are the features of society
1) traditional 2) industrial 3) post-industrial 4) informational
5. The leading role is characteristic of the modern post-industrial society
1) extractive industry 2) manufacturing industry
3)agriculture 4)information and information technology

9. The state performs various functions in the economic life of society. For example, it redistributes income. Which of the following examples illustrates

rirovat this function?
1) the government changed the procedure for taxing enterprises
2) the government implemented a set of anti-inflationary measures
3) the central bank issued licenses to a commercial bank
4) Parliament amended the antitrust laws
10. The state performs various functions in the economic life of society. This is how it protects the environment. Which of the following examples illustrates this function?
1) the state purchased new equipment for the criminal police
2) the government financed the construction of treatment facilities
3) the government increased the size of old age and disability pensions
4) Parliament amended the civil law
11. Are the following judgments about the role of the state in the economy correct?
A. The market mechanism cannot solve pricing issues without the help of the state.
B. The state in a market economy regulates the process of production of goods and services.
1) only A is true
2) only B is true
3) both statements are correct
4) both judgments are wrong
12. The main financial plan of the state for the current year, which is a list of its cash income and expenses, is called
1) state sovereignty
2) state structure
3) state budget
4) state monopoly

1) which of the features characterizes the structure of society? a. interaction with nature b. relationship of elements. ability to

development

part of the material world

2) the roles of a person acquired by him in the process of interaction with other people characterize him as ...

a. individual

b. citizen.

in. personality

d. individuality

3) Are the following judgments about bis art correct?

A. in one work, several types of art can be synthesized.

B. Works of art are not always of practical use.

1) only A is true

2) only B is true

3) both statements are correct

4) both judgments are wrong

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