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So we start the tour

The first images of the Trifonov Monastery.

Trifonov Monastery at the present time.

Entering the territory of the Trifon Monastery, we have an amazing view of the architectural ensemble of the Assumption Cathedral. It was founded in 1580 Reverend Tryphon of Vyatka, who came here from the Chusovoy possessions of the Stroganov salt merchants. In the winter of 1580, the Monk Tryphon arrived in Khlynov, turning to the “zemstvo judges, elders, kissers and all Orthodox Christianity” of the city with a request to entrust him with the construction of a monastery across the Zasora River on the site of the city cemetery, where two dilapidated churches stood. The townspeople, who had been thinking about this for a long time, agreed and made a petition to the tsar and the metropolitan on behalf of the inhabitants of Slobodsky, Khlynov, Kotelnich, Orlov, Shestakov. In the spring of 1580, with a petition, Tryphon went to Moscow, where he was favorably received by the tsar, who blessed him to be the builder of the new Khlynov monastery, granted her the icon of the Mother of God Hodegetria as a gift, and consecrated the Monk to the rank of hieromonk. Tsar Ivan the Terrible by a letter dated June 2 (12) In 1580, he granted land to the monastery and ordered that both cemetery churches with books and bells be transferred to it. First, in 1581, he erected a wooden church in the name of the Annunciation and the monastery was surrounded by a wooden fence, and in 1589 - a unique wooden Assumption Church with 6 tents of different heights. Near the monastery, 2 monastic settlements soon grew up - a small one, behind the monastery, which was called Kikimorskaya, and a large one, near the monastery itself, which was often called Zaogradnaya for this reason. During the first century of its existence, the Assumption Monastery remained wooden and completely retained its original layout, picturesquely complementing the silhouette of the city. In the next century, wooden monastery churches, fences, outbuildings and residential buildings were gradually rebuilt in stone.

The wisdom of the people says: The earth without a righteous man is not worth

Icon of Saint Tryphon

Image of Saint Tryphon

Saint Tryphon was born in 1546. In the family of peasants Served in the Arkhangelsk province. In the family, he was the youngest son. Before becoming a monk, his name was Trofim. He was a tonsurer of the Perm Peskovsky Monastery, a famous educator of the Ostyaks and Voguls. AT 1580 He was invited by the inhabitants of the city of Khlynov, as Vyatka was then called, to found a monastery. According to the charter of Tsar Ivan the Terrible, the Monk Tryphon founded a monastery in the city in the name of the Dormition Mother of God. Soon the number of monks in the monastery increased so much that the material resources for its maintenance became insufficient. Therefore, the Monk Tryphon was forced to go to Moscow and turn to Tsar Fyodor Ivanovich with a request for help. The monk was graciously received in Moscow and generously endowed by the pious tsar and other eminent people. Patriarch Job elevated him to the rank of archimandrite. Returning to the monastery with rich gifts, the Monk Tryphon continued to work for the prosperity of the monastery he had created until his blessed death in 1612 Before him, there was not a single monastery in Vyatka. The monastery grew rapidly, turning into a large feudal estate, and with it the influence of Tryphon in the region increased. The sentinel book of the city clerk Fyodor Ryazantsev, compiled in 1601 The city testifies that: “The monastery had four wooden churches: 1. Cathedral of the Assumption, six-domed, round seven-altar ... 2. Annunciation - quadrangular, dumplings, one-altar. 3. John the Baptist and Reverend Sergius quadrangular with a meal and Kelarsky, two-headed with two thrones. 4. Nikolsky round, built on pillars above the holy monastery gates, single-altar. On the eastern side of the Assumption Cathedral stood a wooden chapel over the key, which was built by the elder himself.

Canonization of Saint Tryphon

Icon "Tryphon of Vyatka in front of the Mother of God", 1692-1695.

Silver shrine with the relics of Saint Tryphon

After the death of Tryphon, his glorification as a saint began. Already at the time of Archimandrite Iona Baranov, the image of the "Tryphon of Vyatka" (1692-1695) was painted, the detail of which is a drawing depicting the Khlynov Kremlin with its temples, chambers and walls. This is the only view of the city of the end of the 17th century that has come down to us. At the same time, the Monk Tryphon of Vyatka was canonized. By order of the Archbishop of Vyatka and Great Perm Iona Baranov May 26, 1684 the stone Assumption Cathedral was laid. After 5 years, the cathedral was consecrated. In 1690, the relics of St. Tryphon were solemnly transferred there and a rich tombstone, a silver reliquary, was placed over the grave. The handwritten gospel, rewritten by himself, the staff and chains of the reverend is also kept here. Before 1742 the stone architectural ensemble of the monastery was formed, which has been preserved in its main features to the present.

To date, the original historical appearance of the monastery has been restored.

AT 1912 The historian K. Selivanovsky described the Assumption Ensemble in this way: “Whoever has been to the Monastery will now be pleasantly struck by the landscaping and order that now reign in the monastery of St. Tryphon. The monastic buildings have been restored, blocked, and even again covered with iron. The monastery courtyard, with its cleanliness and landscaping, makes the most pleasant impression.” Architectural ensemble includes:

Church of the Annunciation and bell tower.

Cells of the Trifonov Monastery.

- Cathedral of the Assumption of the Virgin, 1698;

- St. Nicholas Gate Church, 1692-1695;

- Church of the Three Hierarchs, 1711-1717;

- Church of the Annunciation, 1728;

– bell tower, 1714 (recreated in 2000);

- the rector's chambers, 1719;

- Corps of fraternal cells, 1717-1725, 1742;

Corps of fraternal cells (sick leave), 1764;

– southeast corner tower, 1774–1775;

- monastery brewery, 1759;

We will visit the "heart" of the monastery - the main temple of the Holy Assumption Cathedral.

Holy Dormition Cathedral.

The iconostasis of the Holy Dormition Cathedral of the Trifonov Monastery.

The center of the monastery, its heart is the cathedral, built at the end of the 16th century from wood and consecrated in honor of the Assumption of the Mother of God. main temple Vyatsky Trifonov Monastery - Holy Dormition Cathedral. It was built in 1580 and at first it was wooden, and in 1689 it became stone, reflecting the features of the Assumption Cathedral in the Moscow Kremlin. The building was founded by Archbishop Iona Baranov in 1684 year. In its interior there is a huge five-tiered iconostasis with ancient icons restored in the 19th century. icons. Most of these icons were sent from Moscow as a gift to the monastery from the tsar and the patriarch. In the cathedral, as relics, the Gospel was kept, written according to legend by the Monk Tryphon himself, his chains and an ebony staff.

Nikolsky Gate Church is located at the northern borders of the monastery.

Nikolskaya gate church.

The wooden St. Nicholas Gate Church was built at the end of the 16th century by Moscow craftsmen, marking the northern border of the monastery. The sentinel book of 1601 tells: “Nikolsky is round, built on pillars above the holy monastery gates, single-altar.” There is a stylistic commonality with the Assumption Cathedral, but the Gate Church is more ornate. Above the middle part of the temple, a hall for the monastery library was arranged. Above the gates were the images of St. Tryphon, from the side of the courtyard - the Archangel Michael. The temple is flanked by the buildings of the rector's and fraternal cells, which gives solemnity to the main entrance to the monastery. The wide arch of the basement floor leads to the inner front courtyard of the monastery.

Church of the Annunciation.

Church of the Annunciation.

The Church of the Annunciation is located southwest of the main cathedral of the monastery. Built behind the central square of the ensemble, it gives versatility and depth to the whole picturesque group of the main monastic buildings and, as it were, separates the official front part of the ensemble from the inner monastic territory occupied by a cemetery and outbuildings. The peculiarly shaped dome that crowned the Church of the Annunciation echoed the cube-shaped covering of the tower at the Fraternal Corps and the onion domes of the Assumption Cathedral, picking up the soft pattern of the diagonal perspective opening from the northeast.

In the depths of the monastery territory is the Church of the Three Hierarchs.

Trinity Church..

In the depths of the monastery territory, in its southern section, among the dense greenery of trees that mysteriously rustled over the monastery cemetery, the modest building of the Three Hierarchs Church whitens in size. Like a carpet, the walls of the church are covered with a brick pattern. A multi-fragmented cornice cuts off steep arcs of sculptural zakomaras from the walls of the quadrangle; triple semi-columns separated by a ledge mark the corners of the volume; each architraves has its own compositional “invention” inherent only to it. Led frames, magnificent architraves, recruited from turned balusters, twisted flagella, rosettes, columns, all kinds of rollers and shelves visually expand the windows, filling the entire plane of the wall.

Let's go to the Holy Spring of the Trifonov Monastery.

Holy spring.

Everything in the monastery was permeated by the Monk Tryphon, starting from the place he had once chosen of amazing beauty and from the holy spring, at which, according to legend, the Most Holy Theotokos Herself appeared to the future saint. Holy spring - located on the eastern outskirts of the monastery. Its origin is as follows. In 1804, the chapel was repaired above the well, which was dug by Tryphon himself. Then, pipes hollowed out of logs were laid to the source “into the chapel well” to prevent freezing of water in winter time. The chapel was an original complex of two platforms located on different levels and connected by a staircase of 16 steps. A covered passage adjoined the chapel. In the middle of the 1990s. the chapel has been carefully restored. Trifonov key is truly a symbol of the Vyatka region. Many believers constantly take the water of the spring, which gives bodily and spiritual health, for drinking.

st. Gorbachev, 4

Trifonov Monastery. 2015

Rich donations and income from the lands granted to the monastery by the tsarist authorities allowed Tryphon to build 4 churches in the monastery - the Annunciation, Assumption, John the Baptist and the gate of St. Nicholas. Thanks to the efforts of Tryphon, the territory adjacent to it was donated to the monastery, as well as lands along the upper and lower reaches of the river. Vyatka. The monastery became a major colonizer of the Vyatka lands, carried out active missionary, economic and educational activities. In many ways, this was facilitated by temples and chapels built in the patrimonial lands. Moreover, the monks of the Assumption Monastery in the 17th century. became the founders and builders of new Vyatka monasteries.

View of the Assumption Trifonov Monastery from the north. In the center of the photo is the Assumption Cathedral, in front of it is the northeastern tower of the fence and the fraternal building. On the right - the monastery bell tower and the Nikolskaya gate church, between them the Alexander Nevsky Cathedral is visible in the distance. The picture was taken from the northern bank of the Zasora ravine. 1910

According to ancient Russian traditions, new churches were built on the sites of old ones, so subsequent restructuring did not change the historically established complex. The first stone building of the ensemble, the Assumption Cathedral, was founded by Archbishop Iona Baranov in 1684. In 1690, the relics of St. Tryphon were solemnly transferred to the cathedral, and a tombstone - a shrine - was placed over the grave. Today, the Assumption Cathedral of the Trifonov Monastery is the oldest surviving Vyatka stone church.

In the 1690s, to the northwest of the Assumption Cathedral, the St. Nicholas Gate Church was erected. At the beginning of the XVIII century. the bell tower was built in stone (1714), the church of the Alexandrian Wonderworkers Athanasius and Cyril at the hospital cells (1711 - 1717), the stone rector's chambers (1719), the Church of the Annunciation (1728) and the fraternal building (1742) .). The addition to the northern facade of the fraternal building in 1823 and the alteration of the rector's chambers at the beginning of the 19th century completed the formation of the monastic complex.

Trifonov Monastery. On the left is the Nikolskaya Gate Church, in the center of the picture is the monastery bell tower, between them the Trinity Cathedral is visible on a hill in the distance. On the right - the domes of the Assumption Cathedral and the narthex of the Church of the Annunciation

Great damage was done to the monastery buildings by a fire in 1752. Restoration work and the construction of a stone fence with towers, interrupted in 1770 by a new fire, were completed only by 1799. Experiencing great financial difficulties after the reform of 1764, the monastery authorities began to widely resort to collection of donations and merchant patronage, which made it possible not only to keep the monastery in order, but also to conduct new construction. In the 50s and 60s. XVIII century, the victims of the fires of the completion of Nikolskaya were restored gate church and bell towers, the temple of Athanasius and Cyril, renamed in honor of the Moscow saints Peter, Alexei and Jonah, was renovated.

Assumption Cathedral. Early 20th century

At the beginning of the twentieth century. Trifonov Monastery surprised pilgrims with its cleanliness and order. Cast-iron pavement, asphalt paths, an old garden with gazebos, lindens, raspberries, currants, flower beds, ponds, bridges, a well-groomed cemetery with white stone tombstones, a wooden chapel above the spring brought intimacy and comfort to the ensemble of religious buildings.

Assumption Cathedral. 2015

After 1917, the temples of the Dormition Trifonov Monastery were transferred under an agreement to the religious community; However, in 1929, the community was denied access to the temples, and the monastery buildings housed an archive depository, a laundry, a canteen, a bakery, a shoe shop, various educational institutions, a hostel, and communal apartments. During the Great Patriotic War, part of the monastery buildings was lost. Work on the reconstruction of the monastery began in 1980, at the moment it is active.

Photo: L. Kalinina, pastvu.com

In the old part of the city, near the river, there is an ancient monastery founded in 1580 by Tryphon Vyatsky. Here is the oldest building in Kirov - the Assumption Cathedral, built in 1684-89. The architectural ensemble of the monastery has the status of a federal architectural monument.

The Dormition Trifonov Monastery was founded by Trifon Vyatka (who came to Vyatka from the Arkhangelsk lands) in 1580.

He created four churches in the ensemble of the monastery: Assumption, Annunciation, John the Baptist, Nikolsky over the gate. The most beautiful was the Assumption Cathedral, built with 6 tents. Then they noted that there are no other temples like this anywhere else. Wood for the construction of this temple was rafted down the Vyatka River from Slobodskoy.

To the beginning In the 17th century, in addition to temples, a bell tower, monastic cells and various outbuildings appeared. In 1689, instead of the wooden one, the stone Assumption Cathedral was built. This temple is one of the oldest in Vyatka, which has survived to this day.

By the beginning of the 20th century, the Trifonov Monastery was a comfortable monastery, in which spiritual life was in full swing. However, the October Revolution interrupted him. centuries of history. Soviet authority liquidated the Trifonov Monastery. The monastery bells were melted down, the iconostases in the churches were destroyed, the cemetery at the monastery was destroyed, the bell tower, the southern wall and the corner towers of the Assumption Cathedral were dismantled. Then the churches housed a canteen, a laundry, a hostel, a planetarium, and factory workshops.

In the 80s. the population became concerned about the fate of the monastery, and by 1991 the Assumption Cathedral was restored, which became a cathedral, since the Trifonov Monastery was transferred to the diocese. In 1994, the iconostasis of the cathedral was restored. The St. Nicholas Church, the fraternal building, was also restored, a new bell tower was created, and the entire territory of the monastery was ennobled.

Today, the Trifonov Monastery, consisting of the Assumption Cathedral, the Three Hierarchs, the gate of Nikolskaya, Church of the Annunciation, chapels over the holy spring, the bell tower, rectors' chambers, the brethren's building - this is one of the main attractions of the old part of the city, whose image is even on a specially released

Vyatka Dormition Trifonov Monastery, 2nd class, in the city of Vyatka. It was founded in 1580 by the first Archimandrite, Reverend Tryphon (see October 8), whose relics rest under a bushel in the local Dormition Church. Here, under a bushel, the relics of the Monk Procopius Christ for the sake of the holy fool are buried (see December 21). The wooden staff of St. Tryphon and iron chains are preserved in the monastery. In 1896, the renovated cathedral church of the Assumption was consecrated Holy Mother of God. School at the monastery.

From the book by S.V. Bulgakov "Russian monasteries in 1913".

The Monastery for the Assumption of the Mother of God was founded in the 16th century. According to the charter of Tsar Ivan the Terrible and with the permission of the patriarch, south of the Kremlin fortifications across the Sora River in 1580, the site of the old city cemetery with two dilapidated wooden churches was assigned to the monastery buildings. The builder of the monastery and its first rector is the monk of the Pyskor Monastery - the famous educator of the small peoples of the Kama and Vyatka lands, Reverend Tryphon.

The first buildings - the "cage with a meal" Church of the Annunciation and "small cells" Tryphon built at the expense of the townspeople. Also, thanks to the donations of local residents in 1588, the new monastery was decorated with a six-hipped wooden cathedral, replacing the dilapidated Assumption Church. A man of remarkable intelligence and great energy, Tryphon not only endeared the unpretentious Khlynovites to the new cause, but managed to win the patronage of the kings and noble nobles. The monastery owes its prosperity to the tireless care of Father Tryphon, who often visited Moscow, where he spent his time in the care of royal favors, patriarchal, noble and other charitable deeds "for the needs of the monastery."

The works of the abbot were not in vain - savings letters, land, cash alms and rich contributions to the Dar Vyatka monastery were made by representatives of the most ancient boyar families. Large land holdings and privileges that the monastery had already by the end of the 16th century, its active economic and educational activities contributed to the growth of the prestige of the monastery, which was gradually gaining strength and power. The large income brought from the patrimonial lands made it possible to actively carry out construction work on its territory. A picturesque wooden ensemble has grown from a small monastery. Four temples, a chapel above the spring, which, according to legend, was built by Tryphon himself, a hipped belfry on pillars with eight bells, cells and numerous outbuildings surrounded by a wooden fence with holy gates, made up a spectacular composition.

According to ancient Russian traditions, new churches were built on the sites of old ones, so subsequent restructuring did not change the historically established complex. The first stone building of the ensemble, the Assumption Cathedral, was founded by Archbishop Iona Baranov in 1684. In the 1690s, the St. Nicholas Gate Church was erected to the northwest of it. Under Archimandrite Alexander, with the permission of Peter I, a bell tower was built in stone (1714), the Church of Alexandria Wonderworkers Athanasius and Cyril at the hospital cells (1711-1717). Somewhat later, stone rectors' chambers (1719), the Church of the Annunciation (1728) and the fraternal building (1742) "grew" in the monastery.

Great damage to the monastery buildings was caused by a fire in 1752. Restoration work and the construction of a stone fence with towers, interrupted in 1770 by a new fire, were completed only by 1799. Experiencing great financial difficulties after the reform of 1764, the monastery authorities began to widely resort to collecting donations and merchant patronage, which made it possible not only to keep the monastery in order, but also to conduct new construction. In the 50s-60s of the 18th century, the completion of the Nikolskaya gate church and the bell tower, which had suffered during the fires, were restored, the temple of Athanasius and Cyril was repaired, renamed in honor of the Moscow saints Peter, Alexei and Jonah. The addition to the northern facade of the fraternal building in 1823 and the alteration of the rector's chambers at the beginning of the 19th century completed the formation of the monastery complex.

A significant part of the income brought to the treasury by the delivery of monastic buildings and land for rent secular authorities and private individuals, which became part of the practice of the economic life of the monastery in the middle of the 19th century, was used for the repair and reconstruction of monastic buildings, and landscaping. At the beginning of the 20th century, the Trifonov Monastery surprised pilgrims with its cleanliness and order. Cast-iron pavement, asphalt paths, an old garden with pavilions, lindens, raspberries, currants, flower beds, ponds, bridges, a well-groomed cemetery with white stone tombstones, fish tanks, a swimming pool, a wooden chapel over a source brought intimacy and comfort features to the ensemble of religious buildings.

The collection of 150 books collected by Tryphon formed the basis of a rich monastery library, later a museum of church antiquities was organized here. Since 1744, a Slavic-Greek-Latin school has been located within the walls of the monastery.

In 1612, old Tryphon reposed in his cell, whose relics were later buried in the Assumption Cathedral. After 1917, the temples of the Assumption Trifonov Monastery were transferred by agreement to the religious community, and the Provincial Soviet Party School was located in the fraternal building and the rector's chambers. However, in 1929, the community was denied the use of churches: the Assumption Cathedral began to be used as a book depository of the provincial archival bureau, the rest of the buildings were taken for housing. During the Great Patriotic War, part of the monastery buildings was lost. Work on the reconstruction of the monastery began in 1980. The Kirov Special Scientific and Restoration Production Workshops developed a project for the restoration of the monastery complex, restored appearance Three Saints Church, the southeastern tower, the southern section of the fence with the gate was recreated, then the work was carried out by the Arso company and the Kirov diocese.

Now the monastery is again in charge of the Russian Orthodox Church, and work on its reconstruction continues, taking into account the needs of the modern owner.