Work in the religious sphere, participation in interregional conferences on the interests of youth and the development of the spiritual component of the generation of the 21st century. Holding conferences on religious specifics, working with youth in the field of culture and worldview.

In my opinion, religion today is a two-fold body in our country: on the one hand, it teaches patience, creativity, and on the other, it is a lever of pressure on the impoverished population of Russia and the younger generation. Let's try to understand this issue. Religion originally took the form of a kind of worship higher powers which man could not control. Specifically, in Russia, this is paganism until 988. People could not explain the nature of, for example, thunder, lightning, hurricanes, natural disasters, floods, or strong fires. Hence the first important point religions are fear of something unknown and frightening. The people of that time did not understand that the roll of thunder and lightning was just a natural process, for them it was God Perun, who, in their opinion, was angry at the wrong human life. As we see in 988, the situation in Russia is changing dramatically and religious life in the country falls into two camps: Pagan and Christian. Adherents of the Pagan world remain adamant before the Baptism of Russia, while other people accept the teachings of Christianity. And as we see today, Christianity in Russia has been preserved since 988. Of course, no one says that Paganism is gone, but for modern man who owns certain knowledge from school, university, and simply from parental education, this religion is nothing more than simply absurd. Everyone today already knows that fire is the process of burning substances, lightning is the interaction of charged particles, and this is not particularly surprising to anyone. Well, we have dealt with Paganism, it is clear to everyone that, as a religion, it began to exhaust itself after the appearance of the first educational institutions in our country. Another issue is Christianity. If you believe the Bible, then everything around was created by the Lord God, and everything that happens to us today is God's providence? To this, many will say: "What is God's providence? We live in the 21st century, a progressive age of technology and cultural restructuring." And I agree with them. Today, Christianity in Russia is more of a governing body and hopes of the population for a brighter future: "Well, at least not in our country, but we will live in the Other World." I have noticed a declining trend in the importance of religion around the world, many are not interested or are interested "in so far as". Because over the past decade, science, medicine and culture have stepped forward so far that religion with its "stones and sticks" has remained somewhere far behind. Remember the early 2000s? Everyone was surprised at their classmate with a new COLOR phone. It was the know-how of my time. What do we see now? Everything has changed dramatically, what seemed impossible 5 years ago today is already an everyday reality. Today, the engine of human minds, who live below the poverty line or a thinning middle class, is money and material values. Today, people are not afraid of tomorrow, they look into it with hope for a bright future, for the discovery of new technologies for resource extraction, the invention of artificial intelligence, for everything that will help them deal with their everyday fatigue and lack of livelihood. People strive for material well-being, good health and hope for a new generation. And now the most interesting! What role does religion play in all of this? Correctly! It teaches a person humility. Only not the humility she teaches him. Religion is constantly pressuring the people to take their poverty and lack of education for granted in our country. "We did not live well, well, there is nothing to start." good practice learning activities and "Divine Teachings", when you are in an easy chair, there is food at home, the car that you wanted to have since childhood, and in general you use the benefits of civilization without problems. Today in our country, religion is a restraining apparatus of the population, which does not allow the minds to open up and think progressively. They try to impose on people from childhood that God should not be loved, but feared. But in case of something that you did wrong, you can come to the priest in church and ask for forgiveness and return back to the "true path." I do not want to say that Orthodoxy in our country teaches only bad things. No, it sometimes teaches people the right things, only in very old ways and sometimes not where it is needed. Any religion today needs a radical restructuring, a restructuring NOT of the teaching itself, but in a way to convey this teaching to the population. The youth in our country are not interested in religion for two simple reasons: 1) I am not interested. 2) What should I do there? Older people who have seen the views: 1) All priests are liars. 2) All the priests there are making money. The world has come a long way since the coming of Jesus Christ. And it seems to me that religion should be rebuilt with each era, but not change the teaching itself. Religion today is faced with its incompetence in conveying the spiritual question and therefore is gradually losing its initiative in the educated population. Since the very behavior of some clergy and their material condition sometimes makes people think that the church is a state apparatus for collecting "donations" for some religious services. And if the situation does not change in the future, then the country will also split, as in 988, into the camp of Pagans and Christians, only today such a split will be between educated and uneducated people. After all, today the church can only influence the minds of children and their parents, as well as people of the Soviet era. Personally, I think that religion is outdated today in its methods of persuading and attracting people. And if this continues, then over time, religion in our country will finally lose trust and interest, as well as its main position in the country - the upbringing of the spiritual values ​​of the people. This is my personal opinion, I do not call anyone to anything, this is just food for thought.

Research work on the issue: "Social functions of religion", "Attitude of graduates to religion".

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MOU "BUGROVSKAYA SOSH"

Religion in modern world

(research work on the issue " Social Functions of Religion

Attitude of graduates to religion").

Completed  11th grade student:

Tazabekova K.K.

Checked by history teacher

and social studies:

Bogaytseva N.V.

St. Petersburg

2007

Introduction. 3

Social functions of religion in modern society 4

Sociological analysis of the attitude of school graduates to religion 10

Conclusion 13

Appendix 1 15

Appendix 2 18

Appendix 3 25

Annex 4 26

Introduction.

The program of sociological research of the attitude of school graduates to religion.

social problem:Religion is an active agent in the socialization of young people in society, but young people have an ambiguous attitude towards it.

Research problem:many social studies devotedyouth problems, but the attitude of school graduates to religion has not been sufficiently studied.

Object of study:youth perception of religion.

Subject of study:the attitude of school graduates to religion.

The purpose of sociological research:study the attitude of high school students to religion.

Tasks of sociological research:

1. define religion and characterize its main functions;

1. find out the role of religion and church in the representation of high school students;

1. compare the attitude of boys and girls to religion Hypotheses:

1. You starters believe that religion is a combination of spiritual

ideas, it helps to overcome difficulties and determines the status of a person.

1. Girls are more religious than boys.

1. Graduates do not consider it necessary to interact with church, state, family and school.

Sample: 12 students of the 11th grade of the Bugrovskaya Secondary School were interviewed. The sample is representative of the gender difference (boys, girls).

Methods:

1. group survey
2. comparative
3. analytical
4. calculation of data using the computer program "Chart Wizard"

Social functions of religion in modern society.

These verses of the wonderful poet Nikolai Zabolotsky say that the world that creates us is nature (believers believe that the gods or one God created everything), but a person can also be a creator. A lot of people need in this world. A person wants to penetrate the secrets of the world, wants to understand who he is and why he lives in the world. Religion has answered these questions for thousands of years. This word denotes the views, feelings and actions of people who believe that everything in the world is done by the will of mysterious and unknown forces, by the will of the gods or God alone.

The word religio means in Latinpiety, holinessand goes back to the verb religion - connect, connect.Obviously, in this case we are talking about a connection with the other world, with other dimensions of being. All religions at all times believe that our empirical reality is not independent and not self-sufficient. It has a derivative, created character, in essence it is secondary. It is the result or projection of another real, true reality - God and the gods. The word "God" has the same root as the word "wealth". In ancient times, people asked God to take care of the fertility of the fields, a rich harvest, so that everyone would be fed. The most terrible enemy for people was hunger. But "man does not live by bread alone." You must have heard these words? They are repeated when they want to say that there is something more important than daily bread.

Thus, religion doubles the world and points out to man the powers that are superior to him, possessing reason, will, and their own laws. These forces have completely different qualities than those that are directly familiar to us in everyday life. They are powerful, mysterious, miraculous from the point of view of an empirical person. Their power over earthly existence is, if not absolute, then enormous. The world of the divine defines people both in their physical being and in the system of values.

The idea of ​​the existence of God is the central point of religious faith, but does not exhaust it. religious faith includes:

1. moral norms, norms of morality, which are declared to be derived from divine revelation; violation of these norms is a sin and, accordingly, is condemned and punished;
2. certain legal laws and regulations, which are also declared or occurred directly as a result of divine revelation, or as a result of the God-inspired activity of legislators, as a rule, kings and other rulers;
3. faith in the divine inspiration of the activities of certain clergy, persons declared saints, saints, blessed, etc.; because, in Catholicism, it is generally accepted that the head catholic church– The Pope is the vicar (representative) of God on earth;
4. faith in the saving power for the human soul of those ritual actions that believers perform in accordance with the instructions of the Holy Books, clergy and church leaders (baptism, circumcision of the flesh, prayer, fasting, worship, etc.);
5. faith in the God-directed activity of churches as associations of people who consider themselves adherents of one or another faith.

Modern religions do not deny the achievements of natural science, theories related to the structure of matter and, moreover, the practical application of science. But they always emphasize that the business of science is to study only the sphere of the beyond. There are hundreds of different religions in the world. Most people adhere to traditions associated with one of the three world religions. These are Christianity, Islam and Buddhism. National religions exist among Jews, Japanese, Indians, Chinese. Some peoples remain faithful to their traditional (ancient) beliefs, and there are people who consider themselves non-believers (atheists) in general.

Beyond that extends the realm of religion and perhaps philosophy. The main thing is that, carried away by earthly concerns, humanity should not forget that it is not autonomous, that there are higher eternal authorities over it, their vigilant supervision and their judgment.

Sufficiently developed religions have their own organization in the form of a church. The Church organizes internal and external links religious community. It is a peculiar form of interconnection between the sacred and the profane (ordinary, everyday, humanly earthly). The Church divides, as a rule, all believers into clergy and laity. Through the church, religion enters the system of social institutions of society*.

* By 2000, the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation registered churches:

Russian Orthodox Church - 5494;

Islamic - 3264;

Buddhist - 79;

Russian Orthodox Free Church - 69;

Old Believers - 141;

True Orthodox - 19;

Roman Catholic - 138;

Lutheran - 92;

Jewish - 62;

Armenian - 26;

Protestant-Methodist - 29;

Evangelical Christian Baptists - 550;

Pentecostals - 192;

New Apostolic - 37;

Molokan -12;

Presbyterian, 74;

Evangelical - 109;

Jehovist - 72;

Krishnaites - 87;

Temples of interfaith missionaries - 132.

As of December 31, 2000, 443 religious organizations were registered in St. Petersburg, among them:

Russian Orthodox Church - 167;

Islamic - 2;

Buddhist -12;

Old Believers - 2;

Roman Catholic - 10;

Lutheran - 30;

Jewish - 13;

Protestant-Methodist - 6;

Evangelical Christian Baptists - 16;

Jehovist - 1;

Pentecostals - 120;

Krishnaites - 3.

At the same time, 290 religious organizations were registered in the Leningrad Region. Among them:

Russian Orthodox Church - 158;

Lutheran - 23;

Evangelical Christian Baptists - 18;

Pentecostals - 60;

Roman Catholic - 2

and others.

(Data from the book by N.S. Gordienko "Russian Jehovah's Witnesses: Past and Present". St. Petersburg, 2000).

A social institution can be viewed as a stable set of people, groups, institutions whose activities are aimed at performing specific social functions and are built on the basis of certain ideal norms, rules, and standards of behavior.

What does religion give, what are its main functions?A reference point for us here will be the well-known statement of Z. Freud: “The gods retain their threefold task: they neutralize the horror of nature, reconcile with the formidable fate, which acts primarily in the form of death, and reward for the suffering and deprivation imposed on a person by life in a cultural society” .

1. Primarily religion helps us cope with the uncertainty of the unknown world. We cannot explain much, and it somehow presses, causing deep inner unrest. This, of course, is not about the weather for tomorrow, but about things that are much more serious: about death, about the death of a loved one, in a word, about the ultimate, final conditions of human existence. In explaining such things, we are, as they say, vitally interested, without knowing about them it is simply hard for us to live. Introducing supernatural being(God), sacred factors, religion in its own way explains what cannot be explained scientifically.
2. Religion helps you understand, somehow understand and completely hopeless, justabsurd situations. Well, let's say this: an honest, deeply conscientious person for some reason suffers all his life, suffers, barely makes ends meet, and next to him people are furious with fat, they don’t know what to spend dishonestly earned, not acquired by their own labor money. Blatant injustice! And how to explain it, how to agree? Humanly speaking, nothing. But if there is another world where everyone is rewarded according to his merits, then another thing is that justice will still prevail. One can then understand, even inwardly accept injustice.
3. Religion sanctifies, i.e. in my own way justifies morality, moral values and social ideals. Without it, it is very difficult to awaken and affirm in people conscience, mercy, and love for one's neighbor. All these and similar virtues receive from religion a certain compulsion, persuasiveness and attractiveness, as well as a desire, an inner readiness to follow and obey them. God sees everything, you can’t hide anything from him - this stops many. And for some it helps not to deviate from the chosen path - direct, honest, labor. In this regard, religion is essential element popular or public consciousness. Thus, in modern society, religion performs two main functions:
4. educational
5. distracting.

"The heart of a heartless world, the soul of a soulless world" - this is how Karl Marx characterized religion. He is, however, better known for another formula:"religion is the opiate of the people", but it should not be neglected either. Why do people turn to opium? To forget, to get away from the ordinary, to get something that is not in real life. And it was not Marx, to be precise, who invented this formula. Long before him, back in ancient times, religion was compared to "an intoxicating dope." Goethe saw it as a drug, Heine and Feuerbach saw it as spiritual opium. Kant called the idea of ​​absolution "the opium of conscience".

Religious communion is one of the strongest and most enduring in human history. It contributes to the consolidation of all the spiritual forces of the people, and through this - to the strengthening of the civil and state foundations of life. In Russia, for example, the church helped collect Russian lands, strengthen the young statehood, and encouraged the development of new territories through monastic colonization. And during the period of the Mongol-Tatar yoke, she made a huge contribution to the survival of the Russian people, the preservation of their identity. It is not for nothing that two names are equally firmly inscribed in the victory at Kulikovo Field: Prince Dmitry Donskoy and Sergius of Radonezh, “abbot of the Russian land.”

Unfortunately, religion can not only unite, but also divide people, encourage conflicts, cause wars. The first thing that comes to mind is the crusades, which were motivated religious feelings and creeds that distinguish Christians from Muslims.

Rich in religious strife and modernity: the confrontation between Catholics and Protestants in Northern Ireland, the conflict between Muslims and Jews in the Middle East, the Yugoslav Orthodox-Muslim-Catholic knot and much more. Strange situation: in itself, no religion calls for violence. Where does it come from? In each specific case, apparently, non-religious factors also act. But we must not forget that every religion claims not just the truth, but the Absolute Truth. The Absolute, by definition, does not have and does not tolerate the plural.

Let's stop for a bit atheism . It is most often identified with godlessness, which is not true. Irreligion is both a definition and a negative state. There is no god. What is there? Unclear. Ostap Bender, for example, denied the existence of God on the grounds that "this is a medical fact" of the great strategist cannot fill the void resulting from the denial of God.

Whatever they tried to fill this void: with ideology, and politics, and the fight against religion, and devotion to the party, and the most advanced science, etc. But emptiness, like Moloch, is insatiable, requires more and more new victims. Godlessness besides: at the last line, many cheat on him, recalling religion.

There is atheism culture of being without God. History, Necessity, Law are deliberately put in place of God. But since this is done by a person, for a person and in the name of a person, it can be said thatin atheism God is replaced by Man. A man with a capital letter - an image, an ideal of humanity, humanism, real, earthly happiness of people. Atheism is really anthropotheism.

Not everyone can master the culture of atheism. It requires certain courage, willpower, intelligence, readiness and ability to make a choice in favor of the good without any hope of reward or retribution. Religion is easier, most importantly, easier. There is an external instance to which one can always appeal, there is truth as a criterion of all human, relative truths, there is the consolation of "being after death." You can, say, having sinned, go to confession, sincerely repent and, having received forgiveness, become sinless again and again ... sin. And there were times when the absolution of sins in the literal sense (indulgence), and even now, by giving money for the construction of the temple, you can count on the indulgence of the Almighty.

There is nothing like it in atheism. All sins remain with a person, no one and nothing will free him from them. It's hard, no doubt, but that's the culture. You have to rely only on yourself. And do not allow yourself to "sin." For there is no one to lighten the burden of your sins, to take off the burden of responsibility for what you thought and did, you cannot dodge with your own mind. The atheistic culture of being, in essence, has not gained the necessary scope yet. But it has a huge humanistically transformative potential.

Religion is an active agent in the socialization of youth in society, but young people have an ambiguous attitude towards it. Many social studies are devoted to this problem, but the attitude of school graduates to religion has not been studied enough. In our research work we tried to solve this problem.

Sociological analysis of the attitude of graduates to religion .

Testing our hypothesis that graduates believe that religion is a set of spiritual ideas, it helps to overcome difficulties and determines the status of a person, we got the following results. 83% of high school students (this is approximately 5/6 of the number of respondents) understand the word "religion" as a set of spiritual ideas. And only 8% of graduates (1/6 of the respondents) believe that religion is belief in the supernatural. The option “religion is certain legal laws and norms” was completely excluded by high school students. This suggests that high school students understand religion primarily as a spiritual phenomenon and do not associate it with any legal laws. (Diagram 1).

Considering the functions of religion, we ranked the answers to the question "What, in your opinion, does religion give?" in increments of 10%, starting from the highest (Table 1). As expected, the majority of respondents, which is 75% of the total number of respondents, believe that religion helps to overcome difficulties, and the same number of high school students (75%) singled out the main function of religion - the provision of psychological support. These two functions are in first place. The next function (religion justifies morality) takes II place. Religion incites discord between people - on III place, and the provision of emotional assistance - on IV . In V place, such answer options as religion helps to know the world and provokes violence. VI place is occupied by the function of strengthening ties between peoples. The last VII place is occupied by such functions as influence on the position of a person in society and the possibility of communication. All this suggests that high school students understand that religion justifies morality, but at the same time they forget that religious communication is one of the strongest and most stable in human history, that religion helps us cope with the uncertainty of the world. And only a few people paid attention to the fact that religion can not only unite people, but also incite conflicts.

We also analyzed the responses to the question “How do you think financial situation man on his faith? 34% of the respondents answered that the poorer the person, the stronger the faith, 58% of the respondents believe that the financial situation of a person does not affect his faith, and 8% do not know (Diagram 2). To the question “How do you think a person’s position in society affects their faith?” only 8% of the total number of respondents answered that the lower the position, the stronger the faith, 9% of high school students do not know what effect a person's position in society has on faith. And most of the graduates, 83%, believe that a person's position in society does not affect his faith in any way (Diagram 3). It follows from the above that high school students do not see a special connection between religion and a person's social status and do not attach importance to the status function of religion.

Thus, our first hypothesis was partially confirmed. High school students really believe that religion is a set of spiritual ideas, that it helps to overcome difficulties. But, according to graduates, religion does not determine either the material or social status of a person in modern society.

Testing our hypothesis that girls are more religious than boys, we got the following results. 75% of the surveyed girls believe in God, 38% of the surveyed boys and 50% of all respondents, but the girls are more specific about this, their faith is more pronounced character. (Diagram 4.1).

Prayers are known selectively by 75% of the interviewed girls, 25% of the interviewed boys and 42% of all the respondents. The remaining number of girls and boys do not know prayer at all. No one knows all the prayers. (Diagram 5.1).

Looking at the frequency of church attendance, we got the following results. Every week 12% of young men attend church and 8% of all students. Only 25% of girls, 13% of boys and 17% of all respondents attend church 1-2 times a month. 75% of girls, 25% of boys and 42% of all respondents go to church 1-2 times a year. And 50% of the young men surveyed and 33% of all respondents do not attend church at all. We assume that young men take such a social institution as the church less seriously than girls. (Diagram 6.1).

Considering the functions of religion, we ranked the answers to the question "What, in your opinion, does religion give?" As can be seen from the table (Table 1), girls are more categorical in their answers. The girls put the function of providing psychological assistance in the 1st place, and help in overcoming difficulties in the 2nd place. Then comes the 3rd place: religion provides emotional assistance. All other functions (religion helps to understand the world, justifies morality, strengthens ties between peoples, provokes violence, influences a person’s position in society and makes it possible to communicate) in the 4th place. Boys have a broader idea of ​​the functions of religion. In I place they put help in overcoming difficulties. Religion provides psychological support - II place. On III place - religion substantiates morality. On the IV place - religion kindles discord between people. Religion helps to understand the world, provides emotional assistance, provokes violence - V place. On VI place - religion strengthens the connection between peoples, and such functions as influence on the position of a person in society and the ability to communicate turned out to be VII place. Thus, our third hypothesis was confirmed. The religiosity of high school students depends on their gender.

Testing our hypothesis that graduates do not consider interaction between church, state, family, and school to be necessary, we assessed the proportion of positive responses. 58% of the respondents believe that the state should support the church, and 42% of the respondents believe that the church should support the state.

Looking at the relationship between the church and the school, one can see the following results: the majority of graduates believe that the school should not support the church in any way and the church should not support the school; high school students do not view school and church as connected social institutions.

As for the relationship between the family and the church, on the basis of the conducted research, we received the following results. 33% of respondents believe that the family should support the church and the same number of respondents believe that the church should support the family.

Thus, our third hypothesis was partially confirmed. The students consider the interaction of church and state to be necessary, but they do not see the need for the relationship between church and family, church and school.

The development of youth occurs through the influence of various social institutions (family, school, church, state). But this influence will be fruitful only when the social institutions themselves are interconnected. According to the results of our study, we can assume that the process of socialization of young people in modern society is difficult due to the weakening of these ties.

Conclusion

According to the American Gallup Institute, in 2000, 95% of Africans believed in God and a "higher being", 97% - Latin America, 91% - USA, 89% - Asia, 88% - Western Europe, 84% - Eastern Europe, 42.9 - Russia. These data testify to the wide spread of religion.

People differ from each other for many reasons, one of them is religion. Spiritual differences often lead to significant political and cultural consequences. What can we say about such a scale, when there are conflicts in the same family because of different faiths. Most people treat with fear, disdain and even hatred for representatives of another religion. They do not want and do not want to understand each other. But they cannot be blamed for this, because for many centuries no one instilled in them respect for representatives of different faiths, and in some cases they militantly set them up to achieve their own selfish goals. And only in recent times, in particular in Russia, many previously destroyed churches and monasteries are being restored. On television, we often see worship services taking place in churches, the consecration of buildings, ships, and enterprises. On the radio and concert halls church music is playing. Representatives of the clergy sit in the supreme bodies of power. The number of those who, for example, in Christianity went through the rite of baptism, has increased. Newspapers and magazines appeared, which are the official printed organs of the churches. In some non-state schools, a new subject has appeared - "The Law of God." There are educational institutions where priests are trained. All this is aimed at the socialization of young people.

During our research, we made the following recommendations:

1. Educational work is needed with high school students in order to improve religious literacy;

2. a closer relationship is needed between the family, school, church and state in the upbringing of the younger generation

The impact of religion on a person is contradictory: on the one hand, it calls a person to observe high moral standards, introduces culture, and on the other hand, it preaches humility and humility, rejection active action (at least many religious communities do). In some cases, it contributes to the aggressiveness of believers, their separation and even confrontation. But here the point, apparently, is not so much in religious provisions, but in how they are understood by people, in particular, by the younger generation. And, according to the results of our study, young people are not literate enough in relation to religion. It seems to me that this question is one of the most relevant today. And in my further research, I would like to continue working on this problem.

Bibliography

1. Bogolyubov L.N., Lazebnikova A.Yu. etc. Man and society. Social science. Part 2. - M .: "Enlightenment", 2004.
2. Gordienko N.S. Fundamentals of Religious Studies. St. Petersburg, 1997.
3. Gordienko N.S. Russian Jehovah's Witnesses: Past and Present. SPb. 2000.
4. Grechko P.K. Society: the main spheres of being. - M .: "Unicum Center", 1998.
5. History (weekly supplement to the newspaper "First of September"). - M., 1993 - No. 13.
6. History (weekly supplement to the newspaper "First of September"). - M., 1994 - No. 35.
7. I know the world: culture: Encyclopedia / Comp. Chudakova N.V. / M .: "AST", 1998.
8. Website http://www.referat.ru .

Attachment 1

QUESTIONNAIRE

Dear student!

Currently, sociologists are intensively investigating the social problems of religion. We ask you to take part in one of these surveys, the purpose of which is to study the attitude of students towards religion, and answer the questions of this questionnaire.

The questionnaire is anonymous, i.e. Your last name is not required. We guarantee that the responses received will only be published in a statistically aggregated form.

Filling out the questionnaire is simple: in most cases, you need to circle the letter of the answer that suits you best.

1. Please indicate your gender? 1. male 2. female

1. What is your nationality? (Write) ________________________

1. How do you understand the word "religion"?

5. other (what? Specify) ____________________________________

1. What do you think religion gives? (Specify 2-3 options)

1. helps to know the world

3. justifies morality

7. provokes violence

9. gives you the opportunity to communicate

11. other (what? Specify) ____________________________________

1. Do you believe in God?

1. yes

2. more likely yes than no

3. rather no than yes

4. no

1. Are there believers in your family?

1. yes

2. no

3. don't know

1. What religious holidays does your family celebrate? (Write) _____________________________________________________________

1. Do you know prayers?

1. yes, everything

2. selectively

3. no, I don't know

1. How often do you attend church?

1. every week

2. 1-2 times a month

3. 1-2 times a year

4. I don't visit at all

1. Do you consider an adherent of another religion an enemy?

1. yes, always

2. yes, if he is aggressive towards me

3. no, never

4. find it difficult to answer

1. Do you think theology lessons are needed at school?

1. yes, for everyone

2. only for those who wish

3. not needed at all

1. Does your school have theology classes?

1. yes

2. no

3. don't know

Do you think support is needed in modern society: (check one option in each line)

19. How do you feel in your faith?

1. I'm proud of her

2. I feel comfortable in it

3. I'm shy of her

4. other (what? Specify) ____________________________________

20. How do you think a person's financial situation affects his faith?

3. no effect

4. don't know

21. How, in your opinion, does a person's position in society influence their faith?

3. no way

4. don't know

22. How do you represent a believer? (Write) ___________

____________________________________________________________

You have completed the questionnaire, thank you for your help!

Annex 2

Diagram 1

Distribution of answers to the question "How do you understand the word "religion"?"

1. it is a belief in the supernatural

2. these are certain legal laws and regulations

3. it is a set of spiritual ideas

4. agree with all of the above

5. other (what? Specify) - faith in God

Diagram 2

Distribution of answers to the question "How do you think a person's financial situation affects his faith?"

1. the richer, the stronger the faith

2. the poorer, the stronger the faith

3. no effect

4. don't know

Diagram 3

Distribution of answers to the question "How, in your opinion, does a person's position in society influence their faith?"

1. the higher the position, the stronger the faith

2. the lower the position, the stronger the faith

3. no way

4. don't know

Diagram 4.1

Distribution of answers to the question "Do you believe in God?"

1. yes

2. more likely yes than no

3. rather no than yes

4. no

Diagram 5.1

Distribution of answers to the question "Do you know prayers?"

Girls

Youths

All

1. yes, everything

2. selectively

3. no, I don't know

Diagram 6.1

Distribution of answers to the question "How often do you attend church?"

Girls

Youths

All

1. every week

2. 1-2 times a month

3. 1-2 times a year

4. I don't visit at all

Diagram 7

The share of positive answers, negative answers and “partial” answers to the question “Do you think support is needed in modern society…

1. … churches by state?”

1. … the state by the church?”

1. … churches as schools?”

1. …schools by the church?”

1. … churches as a family?”

1. …family by the church?”

Appendix 3

Table 1

Distribution of answers to the question "What, in your opinion, does religion give?", ranks in 10% increments, starting from the highest.

The Japanese name for Japan Nihon (日本) is made up of two parts, ni (日) and hon (本), both of which are Sinic. The first word (日) in modern Chinese is pronounced rì and means, as in Japanese, "sun" (transmitted in writing by its ideogram). The second word (本) in modern Chinese is pronounced bӗn. Its original meaning is "root", and the ideogram that conveys it is the tree ideogram mù (木) with a dash added below to indicate the root. From the meaning "root" the meaning "origin" developed, and it was in this meaning that it entered the name of Japan Nihon (日本) - "origin of the sun" > "country rising sun» (modern Chinese rì bӗn). In ancient Chinese, the word bӗn (本) also had the meaning of "scroll, book". In modern Chinese it has been superseded in this sense by the word shū (書), but remains in it as a counter for books. The Chinese word bӗn (本) was borrowed into Japanese both in the meaning of "root, origin" and in the meaning of "scroll, book", and in the form hon (本) means book in modern Japanese. The same Chinese word bӗn (本) in the meaning of "scroll, book" was also borrowed into the ancient Turkic language, where, after adding the Turkic suffix -ig to it, it acquired the form *küjnig. The Turks brought this word to Europe, where it from the language of the Danubian Turkic-speaking Bulgars in the form of a book got into the language of the Slavic-speaking Bulgarians and spread through Church Slavonic to other Slavic languages, including Russian.

In this way, Russian word book and the Japanese word hon "book" have a common root of Chinese origin, and the same root is included as the second component in the Japanese name for Japan Nihon.

I hope everything is clear?)))

Attitudes towards it have changed over the centuries, just as religious concepts have changed. And if earlier the existence of some supernatural force was almost never questioned, then the role of religion in modern society is no longer so great. Moreover, today it is the subject of incessant disputes, discussions, and often condemnations.

In addition to the three world religions - Buddhism, Christianity and Islam - there are many other movements. Each of them is the most important source of a set of moral rules and values, in one way or another close to a certain people. Actually, religious norms- is nothing but a reflection of the prevailing views of a particular ethnic group. That is why the role of religion in society has always had a dogmatic character and has helped a person to fight against temptations and dark side your soul.

The significance of religion today cannot be the same as it was, say, in the 5th-6th centuries. And all because the existence of God explained the origin of man, our planet, life in general. But the role of religion in the modern world in this regard is negligible, because scientific evidence show the inconsistency of theological views. However, even today there is a large proportion of those who prefer to believe that some Creator gave life.

The role of religion in modern society also has a political basis. This is especially noticeable in the eastern countries, where the Koran (both before and now) is the basis of all spheres of life: from spiritual and cultural to economic and political.

The influence of the church has not bypassed education. In Russia for several years (so far - as an experiment) the subject "Fundamentals Orthodox culture” is listed in the primary school schedule. Some believe what others argue is the imposition of unnecessary views. The proportion of those who regard this as an opportunity to learn more about the culture of our country, unfortunately, is small. In any case, we can talk about how significant the role of religion is in modern society, including in the field of education.

It is interesting that in earlier times the church as an organization was not subjected to any outside scrutiny. Today, many scientists - mainly historians - are engaged in research and analysis of the meaning of religion at certain stages of the development of society. Being the subject of study, it allows you to predict, predict the further course of events, assess the situation in the world. Various wars and revolutions, one of the causes of which was the church, are indicators of how the role of religion in modern society differs from its role, say, in the Middle Ages.

Today the authority of the Church no longer has its former strength. Protests are being held all over the world against the actions of the clergy. Atheism is becoming more and more widespread: adhering to a healthy lifestyle in every sense, people deny religion as a phenomenon that can make humanity better. However, for many, the Church in a world full of wars and hatred is the only spiritual refuge, and therefore it is foolish to deny the significant role of religion in modern society.

The twentieth century was a century of great change. More things have happened in just a hundred years than in the previous two millennia. This century has witnessed two world wars and the rapid rise, rise and fall of communism. It was in the twentieth century that humanity turned its back on God and became mired in material things. What will the twenty-first century look like? According to some, scientific progress has proven that most religious beliefs are nothing more than superstitions that are out of place in the modern world. However, I affirm that religion has always been and will be appropriate as long as people have a soul and until eternal peace is built on earth.

What is the purpose of religion? It is to build the ideal world of God. Believers preach and spread their faith because they want to bring as many people under God's dominion as possible. If all people lived under the dominion of God, peace would reign on earth without wars and borders. That's why ultimate goal religions should be world peace.

God created our earth with a desire to find love and peace. And if we create division by insisting that our religion is the only way to salvation, we thereby go against the will of God. God wants every person on earth to work for peace, harmony and coexistence. If anyone tells me that because of church attendance there was a split in his family, I would not hesitate to advise him to put the family first, because religion is only a means to build the perfect world of God; it is not an end in itself.

The destiny of man is to bring together all points of view that are opposed to each other. The philosophy that will guide mankind in the future must be able to unite all religions and philosophies. The time is over when one country could take the lead and lead humanity. The era of nationalism also came to an end.

If people continue to communicate with each other only within the framework of a single religion or race, humanity will not avoid new wars and conflicts. The era of peace will not come until we go beyond individual cultures and traditions. No ideology, philosophy or religion that has been influential in the past can bring the peace and unity to humanity that is so needed in the future. We need a new ideology and philosophy that goes beyond Buddhism, Christianity and Islam. Breaking my voice to the point of hoarseness, all my life I urged people to think more broadly, going beyond individual denominations and even religions.

There are more than two hundred countries in our world, and each is surrounded by borders. They separate one country from another, but this state of affairs cannot last forever. Only religion can overcome state borders. However, religions designed to unite people instead divide them into many faiths that are relentlessly at war with each other. Self-motivated thinking of such believers encourages them to put their spiritual group or religion first. They point blank do not notice the obvious: our world has changed, and it has come new era disinterestedness.

It will not be easy for us to tear down the walls between religions that have held for millennia, but all of them must come down if we are to achieve peace on earth. Religions and denominations must stop the senseless war with each other, find a common basis in their teachings and offer concrete ways to achieve peace. In the future, for the happiness of all people, material well-being alone will not be enough. It is important that conflicts between existing religions, cultures and races be resolved through inter-religious understanding and spiritual harmony.

All my life I have spoken to believers different religions with the next call. First, respect the traditions of other faiths and do everything possible to prevent conflicts and strife between them. Second, all religious communities must cooperate with each other in the service of the world. And thirdly, the spiritual leaders of all religions must work together to find an opportunity to fulfill our common mission together and build peace on earth.

The right eye exists for the sake of the left, and the left for the sake of the right. Both eyes are needed throughout our body. The same can be said about any other part of the body. Nothing exists only for its own sake. And religions exist not for their own sake, but for the sake of love and peace. As soon as peace reigns on earth, religions will no longer be needed, because their main goal is to build a world in which all people will live in unity, love and harmony. This is the will of God.

It is very difficult to create a society in which the hearts of all people selflessly strive for peace. The only way to achieve this is through continuous education.

That is why I dedicate myself to many educational projects. That is why we founded the Seonghwa School of the Arts before our Church could even stand on its own feet.

School is Holy place where the truth is taught. What are the most important truths that should be taught in schools? First of all, it is the knowledge of God and the ability to see and feel Him in the surrounding world. Secondly, it is the knowledge of the basis of our existence and our responsibility, and how we can fulfill it for the good of the world. Thirdly, it is the fulfillment of the purpose of our life and the creation of an ideal world in which we could live. All this can be understood and comprehended only if we are taught it, putting in all sincerity and devotion for a long time.

Modern education is focused primarily on creating a society based on the principle of "winners are not judged." In such a society, the one who reaches the finish line faster also receives a monopoly on happiness. You can't teach this to children. We must teach them to create a world in which all of humanity will live and prosper together.

The philosophies and methods of education that have guided us so far must be changed to those that contribute to the advancement of mankind towards common goals. If education in the United States is directed only to the good of the United States, and education in Great Britain is directed only to the good of Great Britain itself, nothing good awaits mankind in the future.

Educators should not instill selfishness in people, but instill in them the wisdom necessary to solve billions of problems in modern society.

The role of spiritual guides is even more important. They do not need to hammer into the people complex and intricate theories and teach the superiority of their religion over others. Instead, they should instill in people the wisdom that will help them love all of humanity and build peace on earth. They should teach people selflessness. We should not expect happiness for all people in the future if teachers and spiritual mentors do not teach our descendants the principles of the world. After all, all people are brothers and sisters, and humanity is one big family.

The most important wisdom needed by mankind is the knowledge of the heart of God and His ideal. Therefore, the role of religion is still important, especially in the 21st century, when science and technology, apparently, are about to replace religion in explaining the principles of the world order.

All religions of the world must understand in which direction humanity is moving, and immediately stop any strife at all levels. They should not fight among themselves, defending their own honor. Religions need to combine wisdom and effort and work hard to build an ideal world. They need to forget about past conflicts saturated with hatred and work out peaceful solutions to problems.

No matter how much we invest in building peace, we still have a lot of work to do. Believers, whose mission is to lead humanity to an ideal world, should not for a moment forget that their only mission and task is to be the apostles of peace.